Sepsis patients could be treated based on their immune system\u2019s response to infection, not their symptoms. New research uncovers how different people respond to sepsis based on their genetic makeup, which could help identify who would benefit from certain treatments and lead to the development of targeted therapies.
Globally kidney disease is forecast to be the 5th leading cause of death by 2040, and in the UK more than 3 million people are living with the most severe stages of chronic kidney disease. Chronic kidney disease is often due to autoimmune damage to the filtration units of the kidney, known as the glomeruli, which can occur in lupus, a disease which disproportionally affects women and people of non-white ethnicities, groups often underrepresented in research. Treatment options are limited, can have life threatening side-effects and often don\u2019t slow the disease, which can then progress to end stage, requiring dialysis or a kidney transplant.
In a new study published in The Lancet, a team of international researchers has highlighted the urgent need for action to address the growing threat of antibiotic resistance.
Researchers from NDPCHS and the Usher institute at the University of Edinburgh have developed a set of \u2018sleeper frameworks\u2019 \u2013 strategic plans designed for rapid deployment to significantly enhance disease surveillance and response capabilities \u2013 for use during future epidemics and pandemics.
Researchers from the Ineos Oxford Institute for antimicrobial research (IOI) and the Department of Pharmacology at Oxford University, have developed a new small molecule that can suppress the evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria and make resistant bacteria more susceptible to antibiotics.
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are a major cause of death, disability, and economic hardship worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. While many of these diseases are targeted for control, elimination, or eradication by 2030, achieving those targets will be challenging due to disruptions to programmes related to the COVID-19 pandemic and differences in disease transmission across regions, which requires tailoring interventions to local settings.
The Jenner Institute is conducting a new study, using BCG, the current licensed vaccine against tuberculosis. In this study, they will give BCG a second time to people who have already had BCG once before, and will compare whether giving it by inhalation is better at protecting people against tuberculosis than giving it into the skin
First clinical trial participants received doses of the ChAdOx1 NipahB vaccine over the last week at University of Oxford. UK trial is first step to developing a vaccine against Nipah virus \u2013 a devastating disease mostly found in South-East Asia \u2013 that can be fatal in up to 75% of cases. The milestone clinical trial comes as the global health community marks the 25th anniversary of the first Nipah virus outbreaks. There are still no approved vaccines or treatments for the disease.
A systematic review and individual patient meta-analysis found that malaria chemoprevention after hospital discharge reduces deaths in children recovering from severe anaemia by 70%, and hospital readmission by 55%.
A ground-breaking study, published in Nature Human Behaviour, reveals a significant association between 74 early-life diseases and the likelihood of remaining childless throughout one's life, with 33 of these diseases prevalent in both women and men.
The Mothers and Babies: Reducing Risk through Audits and Confidential Enquiries across UK (MBRRACE) collaboration, which is co-led by The Infant Mortality and Morbidity Studies (TIMMS) group at the University of Leicester and the Nuffield Department of Population Health's Perinatal Epidemiology Unit (NPEU), has today published the results of a confidential enquiry into the care of Black and Asian babies born in the UK in 2019.
Oxford Vaccine Group (OVG), which led the rapid clinical development of the Oxford vaccine in COVID-19 in the pandemic, has been awarded a total of \u00a37,788,783 by UK Aid for research into the prevention of five dangerous diseases with epidemic or pandemic potential. The awards will fund research into vaccines against: Chikungunya and mayaro virus, Marburg virus, Plague (Yersinia pestis), Q Fever (Coxiella burneti) and Sudan Ebolavirus.
A new study estimates that nearly 1 in 4 people with P. falciparum malaria in Africa are at risk of receiving too low a dose of artemisinin combination therapies (ACTs), increasing the chance of treatment failure and the risk that malarial parasites develop resistance to the drug they were exposed to.
A new study published in The Lancet Microbe has found that the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes between different bacteria is considerably more widespread than previously thought.
The Global Health Network and Nursing Now Challenge launch The 1000 Challenge, a global research leadership initiative to enable health professionals to ask locally important questions to generate evidence. The initiative aims to change practice and management to improve patient management, care, or treatment in a commitment to advance Health for All.
Researchers from the University of Ghana and Oxford University, including researchers from Oxford Population Health\u2019s Health Economics Research Centre, have shown that small cash incentives increased COVID-19 vaccine uptake in rural Ghana. The findings, published in Nature Medicine, could offer a new strategy for enhancing health interventions in Africa.
In the autumn statement on Wednesday 22 November, the government announced its support for the Rare Therapies Launch Pad, a new programme that will develop regulatory pathways for children with rare conditions to access individualised therapies.
A recent study led by OUCRU researchers highlighted the factors associated with the number of visits to one tertiary public hospital (Hospital for Tropical Diseases in Ho Chi Minh City) that serves as the referral clinic for two-thirds of Vietnam for Hepatitis C virus treatment.
A study led by researchers from Oxford Population Health has described the long-term impact of cigarette consumption in China and assessed the implementation of five key tobacco control strategies advocated by the World Health Organization (WHO). The review is published in The Lancet Public Health.
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