Dengue is a major global health challenge, yet no commercially validated molecular kits currently provide both serotyping and viral load quantification in a single integrated format. To address this gap, we developed and internally validated a one-step multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay that simultaneously detects all four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes in a single reaction (5-PLEX), together with a complementary monoplex system for quantitative viral load measurement. The 5-PLEX assay demonstrated high specificity and reliable serotyping performance during acute and early critical phases of dengue infection (day of illness ≤4). Monoplex assays for each serotype showed strong linearity, precision, and low analytical limits of detection (3-10 copies/reaction), enabling accurate quantification. Based on these findings, we propose a diagnostic framework: 5-PLEX for samples collected within the first four days of illness, the previously validated 3-PLEX assay for samples collected from day 5 of illness onward, and monoplex assays for serotype-specific viral load measurement. Internal and external process controls were incorporated to support accuracy and reproducibility within the validated framework and to facilitate future multi-laboratory evaluation. This harmonized is designed to facilitate standardized implementation across laboratories and supports improved inter-laboratory consistency in clinical diagnostics, genomic surveillance, therapeutic trials, and pathogenesis research.
10.1016/j.jviromet.2026.115381
Journal article
2026-06-01T00:00:00+00:00
343
5-PLEX multiplex real-time RT-PCR, Dengue virus, Genomic surveillance, Molecular diagnostics, Serotyping, Viral load quantification, Dengue Virus, Viral Load, Humans, Dengue, Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Serotyping, Serogroup, Reproducibility of Results, RNA, Viral, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction